the Palatine

Pălātĭum ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 1, 70, 5; 9, 102, 13), ĭi, n., = Palation, Pallantion [root pa-, to protect, nourish; Sanscr. pala, shepherd; cf. Gr. ai-polos oio-polos;

Lat. pasco],

one of the seven hills of Rome, that which was first built upon, Varr. L. L. 5, § 53 Müll.; cf.: Palatium id est mons Romae, appellatus est, quod ibi pecus pascens balare consueverit, vel quod palare, id est errare, ibi pecudes solerent;

alii, quod ibi Hyperborei filia Palanto habitaverit, quae ex Hercule Latinum peperit, alii eundem, quod Pallas ibi sepultus sit, aestimant appellari,

Fest. p. 220 Müll.—Augustus had his residence on the Palatine; hence, since the Aug. period,

Transf.: pălātĭum, ii, n., a palace:

palatia fulgent,

Ov. A. A. 3, 119:

secreta palatia matris,

the temple of Cybele, Juv. 9, 23: magni palatia caeli, the palace of the sky (of the seat of Jupiter), Ov. M. 1, 176; Vulg. 3 Reg. 16, 18 et saep.—

Deriv. Pălātīnus ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 8, 39, 1; 9, 24, 1; 9, 79, 2; 9, 86, 7; 11, 8, 5; 13, 91, 1), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Palatium, Palatine:

pastores,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 54 Müll.:

Evander,

Verg. A. 9, 9:

colles,

Ov. M. 15, 560:

aves,

the vultures which Remus saw on the Palatium, id. F. 5, 152:

Apollo, so called because he had a temple on the Palatine Hill, built by Augustus, in which also was a library founded by him,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 17; Suet. Aug. 29:

dei,

Mart. 5, 19, 4:

ludi,

which Livia caused to be celebrated in honor of Augustus, Suet. Calig. 56:

colossus,

the colossal statue of Nero, on the Palatium, Mart. 8, 60, 1; cf. Suet. Ner. 31; id. Vesp. 18: Palatina pars urbis, the tenth region, also called simply Palatina, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 13: Palatina tribus, one of the four city tribes: Calvu' Palatina vir nobilis ac bonu' bello, Lucil. ap. Non. 462, 28:

C. Claudius C. F. Palatina,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; Inscr. Grut. 36, 11 et saep.— Subst.: Pălātīni,ōrum, m., the people of the Palatine Mount, Col. 1, 3, 7.—

Transf., of or belonging to the imperial palace, imperial:

palatina laurus,

which stood in front of the imperial palace, Ov. F. 4, 953:

atriensis,

Suet. Calig. 57:

domus,

id. Aug. 29:

cubile,

Juv. 6, 117:

officia,

offices about the court, Aur. Vict. Ep. 14 fin.; Treb. Gall. 17.—As subst.: Pălātīnus, i, m., an officer of the palace, a chamberlain: Parthenius palatinus, Domitian's chamberlain, Mart. 4, 45, 2; cf. id. 8, 28:

Tonans,

i. e. Domitian, id. 9, 40, 1.

Pălātĭum ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 1, 70, 5; 9, 102, 13), ĭi, n., = Palation, Pallantion [root pa-, to protect, nourish; Sanscr. pala, shepherd; cf. Gr. ai-polos oio-polos;

Lat. pasco],

one of the seven hills of Rome, that which was first built upon, Varr. L. L. 5, § 53 Müll.; cf.: Palatium id est mons Romae, appellatus est, quod ibi pecus pascens balare consueverit, vel quod palare, id est errare, ibi pecudes solerent;

alii, quod ibi Hyperborei filia Palanto habitaverit, quae ex Hercule Latinum peperit, alii eundem, quod Pallas ibi sepultus sit, aestimant appellari,

Fest. p. 220 Müll.—Augustus had his residence on the Palatine; hence, since the Aug. period,

Transf.: pălātĭum, ii, n., a palace:

palatia fulgent,

Ov. A. A. 3, 119:

secreta palatia matris,

the temple of Cybele, Juv. 9, 23: magni palatia caeli, the palace of the sky (of the seat of Jupiter), Ov. M. 1, 176; Vulg. 3 Reg. 16, 18 et saep.—

Deriv. Pălātīnus ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 8, 39, 1; 9, 24, 1; 9, 79, 2; 9, 86, 7; 11, 8, 5; 13, 91, 1), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Palatium, Palatine:

pastores,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 54 Müll.:

Evander,

Verg. A. 9, 9:

colles,

Ov. M. 15, 560:

aves,

the vultures which Remus saw on the Palatium, id. F. 5, 152:

Apollo, so called because he had a temple on the Palatine Hill, built by Augustus, in which also was a library founded by him,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 17; Suet. Aug. 29:

dei,

Mart. 5, 19, 4:

ludi,

which Livia caused to be celebrated in honor of Augustus, Suet. Calig. 56:

colossus,

the colossal statue of Nero, on the Palatium, Mart. 8, 60, 1; cf. Suet. Ner. 31; id. Vesp. 18: Palatina pars urbis, the tenth region, also called simply Palatina, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 13: Palatina tribus, one of the four city tribes: Calvu' Palatina vir nobilis ac bonu' bello, Lucil. ap. Non. 462, 28:

C. Claudius C. F. Palatina,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; Inscr. Grut. 36, 11 et saep.— Subst.: Pălātīni,ōrum, m., the people of the Palatine Mount, Col. 1, 3, 7.—

Transf., of or belonging to the imperial palace, imperial:

palatina laurus,

which stood in front of the imperial palace, Ov. F. 4, 953:

atriensis,

Suet. Calig. 57:

domus,

id. Aug. 29:

cubile,

Juv. 6, 117:

officia,

offices about the court, Aur. Vict. Ep. 14 fin.; Treb. Gall. 17.—As subst.: Pălātīnus, i, m., an officer of the palace, a chamberlain: Parthenius palatinus, Domitian's chamberlain, Mart. 4, 45, 2; cf. id. 8, 28:

Tonans,

i. e. Domitian, id. 9, 40, 1.

Pălātĭum ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 1, 70, 5; 9, 102, 13), ĭi, n., = Palation, Pallantion [root pa-, to protect, nourish; Sanscr. pala, shepherd; cf. Gr. ai-polos oio-polos;

Lat. pasco],

one of the seven hills of Rome, that which was first built upon, Varr. L. L. 5, § 53 Müll.; cf.: Palatium id est mons Romae, appellatus est, quod ibi pecus pascens balare consueverit, vel quod palare, id est errare, ibi pecudes solerent;

alii, quod ibi Hyperborei filia Palanto habitaverit, quae ex Hercule Latinum peperit, alii eundem, quod Pallas ibi sepultus sit, aestimant appellari,

Fest. p. 220 Müll.—Augustus had his residence on the Palatine; hence, since the Aug. period,

Transf.: pălātĭum, ii, n., a palace:

palatia fulgent,

Ov. A. A. 3, 119:

secreta palatia matris,

the temple of Cybele, Juv. 9, 23: magni palatia caeli, the palace of the sky (of the seat of Jupiter), Ov. M. 1, 176; Vulg. 3 Reg. 16, 18 et saep.—

Deriv. Pălātīnus ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 8, 39, 1; 9, 24, 1; 9, 79, 2; 9, 86, 7; 11, 8, 5; 13, 91, 1), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Palatium, Palatine:

pastores,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 54 Müll.:

Evander,

Verg. A. 9, 9:

colles,

Ov. M. 15, 560:

aves,

the vultures which Remus saw on the Palatium, id. F. 5, 152:

Apollo, so called because he had a temple on the Palatine Hill, built by Augustus, in which also was a library founded by him,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 17; Suet. Aug. 29:

dei,

Mart. 5, 19, 4:

ludi,

which Livia caused to be celebrated in honor of Augustus, Suet. Calig. 56:

colossus,

the colossal statue of Nero, on the Palatium, Mart. 8, 60, 1; cf. Suet. Ner. 31; id. Vesp. 18: Palatina pars urbis, the tenth region, also called simply Palatina, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 13: Palatina tribus, one of the four city tribes: Calvu' Palatina vir nobilis ac bonu' bello, Lucil. ap. Non. 462, 28:

C. Claudius C. F. Palatina,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; Inscr. Grut. 36, 11 et saep.— Subst.: Pălātīni,ōrum, m., the people of the Palatine Mount, Col. 1, 3, 7.—

Transf., of or belonging to the imperial palace, imperial:

palatina laurus,

which stood in front of the imperial palace, Ov. F. 4, 953:

atriensis,

Suet. Calig. 57:

domus,

id. Aug. 29:

cubile,

Juv. 6, 117:

officia,

offices about the court, Aur. Vict. Ep. 14 fin.; Treb. Gall. 17.—As subst.: Pălātīnus, i, m., an officer of the palace, a chamberlain: Parthenius palatinus, Domitian's chamberlain, Mart. 4, 45, 2; cf. id. 8, 28:

Tonans,

i. e. Domitian, id. 9, 40, 1.

Pălātĭum ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 1, 70, 5; 9, 102, 13), ĭi, n., = Palation, Pallantion [root pa-, to protect, nourish; Sanscr. pala, shepherd; cf. Gr. ai-polos oio-polos;

Lat. pasco],

one of the seven hills of Rome, that which was first built upon, Varr. L. L. 5, § 53 Müll.; cf.: Palatium id est mons Romae, appellatus est, quod ibi pecus pascens balare consueverit, vel quod palare, id est errare, ibi pecudes solerent;

alii, quod ibi Hyperborei filia Palanto habitaverit, quae ex Hercule Latinum peperit, alii eundem, quod Pallas ibi sepultus sit, aestimant appellari,

Fest. p. 220 Müll.—Augustus had his residence on the Palatine; hence, since the Aug. period,

Transf.: pălātĭum, ii, n., a palace:

palatia fulgent,

Ov. A. A. 3, 119:

secreta palatia matris,

the temple of Cybele, Juv. 9, 23: magni palatia caeli, the palace of the sky (of the seat of Jupiter), Ov. M. 1, 176; Vulg. 3 Reg. 16, 18 et saep.—

Deriv. Pălātīnus ( Pāl- or Pall-, Mart. 8, 39, 1; 9, 24, 1; 9, 79, 2; 9, 86, 7; 11, 8, 5; 13, 91, 1), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Palatium, Palatine:

pastores,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 54 Müll.:

Evander,

Verg. A. 9, 9:

colles,

Ov. M. 15, 560:

aves,

the vultures which Remus saw on the Palatium, id. F. 5, 152:

Apollo, so called because he had a temple on the Palatine Hill, built by Augustus, in which also was a library founded by him,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 17; Suet. Aug. 29:

dei,

Mart. 5, 19, 4:

ludi,

which Livia caused to be celebrated in honor of Augustus, Suet. Calig. 56:

colossus,

the colossal statue of Nero, on the Palatium, Mart. 8, 60, 1; cf. Suet. Ner. 31; id. Vesp. 18: Palatina pars urbis, the tenth region, also called simply Palatina, Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 13: Palatina tribus, one of the four city tribes: Calvu' Palatina vir nobilis ac bonu' bello, Lucil. ap. Non. 462, 28:

C. Claudius C. F. Palatina,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; Inscr. Grut. 36, 11 et saep.— Subst.: Pălātīni,ōrum, m., the people of the Palatine Mount, Col. 1, 3, 7.—

Transf., of or belonging to the imperial palace, imperial:

palatina laurus,

which stood in front of the imperial palace, Ov. F. 4, 953:

atriensis,

Suet. Calig. 57:

domus,

id. Aug. 29:

cubile,

Juv. 6, 117:

officia,

offices about the court, Aur. Vict. Ep. 14 fin.; Treb. Gall. 17.—As subst.: Pălātīnus, i, m., an officer of the palace, a chamberlain: Parthenius palatinus, Domitian's chamberlain, Mart. 4, 45, 2; cf. id. 8, 28:

Tonans,

i. e. Domitian, id. 9, 40, 1.

* * *

cūrĭa, ae, f. [kindr. with Quiris, Quirites; cf. the letter C], a curia or court, one of the thirty parts into which Romulus divided the Roman people, ten for each of the three tribes; each curia contained ten gentes, Varr. ap. Dion. Hal. 2, 83; Liv. 1, 13, 6; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 2, 2; Paul. ex Fest. p. 49, 1 Müll.—

Meton.

A structure built for the religious services of a curia (sometimes also serving for other purposes), Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.; Fest. p. 174, 6 ib.: veteres, on the east side of the Palatine Hill, Varr. l. l. ib.; Tac. A. 12, 24;

called curia prisca,

Ov. F. 3, 140; Fest. l. l.: Novae, id. l. l.—

Hence, dies curiae, a festival day, Cic. de Or. 1, 7. 27.—Hence,

One of the edifices in which the Senate held its consultations.

Commonly kat exochên, the Curia Hostilia built by Tullus Hostilius (in reference to the later Curia Julia and Pompeiana, v. infra), the Curia, Senate-house, Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.; Liv. 1, 30, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 7, § 22; Varr. L. L. 6, § 46; id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 57, 5; Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31; id. Cat. 4, 1, 2; id. Fl. 24, 57; id. Mil. 33, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 47; Ov. M. 15, 802. —

Curia Julia, the Senate-house begun by Julius Cæsar, finished by the triumvirs, and used by the Senate after the burning of the Curia Hostilia, Suet. Calig. 60.—

Curia Pompeji or Pompeja, the Senate-house built by Pompey, finally closed after the assassination of Julius Cæsar in it, Cic. Div. 2, 9, 23; Suet. Caes. 80 sq. et saep.—Hence, trop., as emblem of law:

stante urbe et curiā,

Cic. Planc. 29, 71:

pro curia inversique mores,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 7;

of the senatorial rank: curia pauperibus clausa est,

Ov. Am. 3, 8, 55.—

Of the places of assembly of high councils out of Rome, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 50; Liv. 24, 24, 4; Ov. M. 13, 197; Juv. 9, 101.—

The assembly of the Senate, the Senate (cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167):

a curiā nulla me res divellet,

Cic. Att. 1, 20, 3:

aliquem in curiam introducere,

Liv. 22, 1, 14; 2, 23, 11 sq.; 2, 24, 3; Suet. Caes. 22; id. Aug. 38; Hor. C. 2, 1, 14 et saep.—

Curia Calabra, so called from the proclamation of the dates which was there made; v. Calabra.—

Curia Saliorum, the official building of the Salii on the Palatine Hill, consecrated to Mars, in which the sacred lituus was kept, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30.

* * *

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.

Parrhăsĭa ( Parră-), ae, f., = Parrasia, a town of Arcadia, Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 20.—Hence,

Parrhăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., Parrhasian; poet. for Arcadian:

Parrhasis ursa,

the Great Bear, Ov. H. 18, 152:

Arctos,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 48:

Parrhasides stellae, i. e. septemtriones,

id. F. 4, 577.— Subst.:

Parrhasis erubuit,

i. e. Callisto, Ov. M. 2, 460.—

Parrhăsĭus, a, um, adj., Arcadian:

Parrhasius Evander,

Verg. A. 11, 31:

dea,

i. e. Carmenta, the mother of Evander, Ov. F. 1, 618:

nives,

id. ib. 2, 276:

virgo,

i. e. Callisto, id. Tr. 2, 190: pennae, i. e. given by Mercury, who was an Arcadian, Luc. 9, [p. 1306] 660:

triones,

Charles's Wain, Mart. 6, 58, 1;

called also Parrhasium jugum,

id. 6, 25, 2:

ursa,

the Great Bear, id. 4, 11, 3:

axis,

the north pole, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1281.—

Transf., Palatine, imperial (because Evander the Arcadian settled on the Palatine Hill):

Parrhasia domus,

Mart. 7, 56, 2:

aula,

id. 7, 99, 3; 8, 36, 3; 12, 15, 1.

* * *

Pălātŭa, ae, f., the tutelary goddess of the Palatine, Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.— Hence,

Pălātŭālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Palatua:

flamen,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.; cf.:

Palatualis flamen constitutus est, quod in tutelā ejus deae Palatium est,

Fest. p. 245 Müll.; Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 ib. (Ann. v. 125 Vahl.).—

Pălātŭar, āris (euphon. for Palatual), n., an offering made at Rome on the Palatine, Fest. s. v. septimontium, p. 348 Müll.

Pălātŭa, ae, f., the tutelary goddess of the Palatine, Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.— Hence,

Pălātŭālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Palatua:

flamen,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.; cf.:

Palatualis flamen constitutus est, quod in tutelā ejus deae Palatium est,

Fest. p. 245 Müll.; Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 ib. (Ann. v. 125 Vahl.).—

Pălātŭar, āris (euphon. for Palatual), n., an offering made at Rome on the Palatine, Fest. s. v. septimontium, p. 348 Müll.

Pălātŭa, ae, f., the tutelary goddess of the Palatine, Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.— Hence,

Pălātŭālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Palatua:

flamen,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.; cf.:

Palatualis flamen constitutus est, quod in tutelā ejus deae Palatium est,

Fest. p. 245 Müll.; Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 ib. (Ann. v. 125 Vahl.).—

Pălātŭar, āris (euphon. for Palatual), n., an offering made at Rome on the Palatine, Fest. s. v. septimontium, p. 348 Müll.

circus, i, m., = kirkos [kindr. with krikos; Dor. kirkos, and korônê; cf.: kulindeô, kullos, cirrus, curvus].

A circular line, circle, in astronomy (less freq. than circulus): quot luna circos annuo in cursu institit, Att. ap. Non. p. 20, 28:

circus lacteus,

the Milky Way, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 15, 2; cf.:

candens circus, Lacteus hic notatur,

Cic. Arat. 248 (492):

illum incolunt locum... erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens,

id. Rep. 6, 16, 16 B. and K.:

globus et circi zonaeque ac fulgida signa,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 583.—

Circus Maximus, and more freq. kat exochên Circus, the oval circus built by Tarquinius Priscus between the Palatine and Aventine hills, which could contain more than one hundred thousand spectators. It was surrounded by galleries three stories high, and a canal called Euripus. Through its whole length, in the middle, a wall four feet high and about twelve broad was built, called spina, at the ends of which there were three columns upon one base (meta), around which the combatants were required to pass seven times before the prize was awarded. In the middle of the spina, Cæsar erected the obelisk, 132 feet high, brought from Egypt; cf. Dion. Hal. 3, 68; Dict. Antiq. p. 252 sqq.;

Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 467 sq.—Passages with Circus Maximus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Müll.; id. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Vitr. 3, 3, 5; Liv. 1, 35, 8 sqq.; Ov. F. 2, 392; Plin. 30, 15, 24, § 102; Suet. Ner. 25; 27; Gell. 5, 14, 5 al.—

Circus Magnus,

Ov. F. 6, 477; Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71.—Most freq. only Circus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Mur. 34, 72 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 43, 110; Liv. 1, 36, 2; 42, 10, 5; Tac. H. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 6, 45; Suet. Caes. 39; id. Aug. 43; 74; id. Calig. 18 et saep.—In or around the Circus many jugglers and soothsayers, etc., stationed themselves;

hence, Circus fallax,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 113; Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Suet. Aug. 74:

Circus clamosus,

Mart. 10, 53, 1; cf. Juv. 3, 65. —Besides the Circus Maximus, there were at Rome still other Circi, among which the most celebrated was the Circus Flaminius in the ninth region, Varr. L. L. 5, § 154; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Planc. 23, 55; id. Sest. 14, 33; Liv. 27, 21, 1; 28, 11, 4; Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13;

called only Circus,

Ov. F. 6, 205; 6, 209; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 598;

and the Circus Vaticanus, begun by Caligula and finished by Nero,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201:

in Vaticani Gai et Neronis principuus circo,

id. 36, 11, 15, § 74.—Also, without the walls of Rome, Circus maritimus, Liv. 9, 42, 11.—

Hence, Circensis, e, adj., pertaining to the Circus: ludi, the contesls in the Circus Maximus, also called ludi magni (Liv. 4, 27, 2; 5, 19, 6; 22, 9, 10 al.; cf. Baumg.Crus. [p. 344] ad Suet. Aug. 23), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33; Suet. Ner. 7; 11:

ludicrum, the same,

Liv. 44, 9, 3.—Hence, Circensis pompa, Suet. Claud. 11.—Also absol.: Circenses, ium, m. (sc. ludi; cf.

Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 458): edere,

Suet. Caes. 39; id. Calig. 18:

committere,

id. Claud. 21:

spectare,

id. Aug. 45:

Circensium die,

id. Dom. 4:

plebeii, prepared by the ediles annually in November,

id. Tib. 26.—

Transf., any race-course, Verg. A. 5, 109; 5, 289; 5, 551; Sil. 16, 313; 16, 323; Stat. Th. 6, 247.—

Meton., the spectators in the circus, Sil. 16, 535.

circus, i, m., = kirkos [kindr. with krikos; Dor. kirkos, and korônê; cf.: kulindeô, kullos, cirrus, curvus].

A circular line, circle, in astronomy (less freq. than circulus): quot luna circos annuo in cursu institit, Att. ap. Non. p. 20, 28:

circus lacteus,

the Milky Way, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 15, 2; cf.:

candens circus, Lacteus hic notatur,

Cic. Arat. 248 (492):

illum incolunt locum... erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens,

id. Rep. 6, 16, 16 B. and K.:

globus et circi zonaeque ac fulgida signa,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 583.—

Circus Maximus, and more freq. kat exochên Circus, the oval circus built by Tarquinius Priscus between the Palatine and Aventine hills, which could contain more than one hundred thousand spectators. It was surrounded by galleries three stories high, and a canal called Euripus. Through its whole length, in the middle, a wall four feet high and about twelve broad was built, called spina, at the ends of which there were three columns upon one base (meta), around which the combatants were required to pass seven times before the prize was awarded. In the middle of the spina, Cæsar erected the obelisk, 132 feet high, brought from Egypt; cf. Dion. Hal. 3, 68; Dict. Antiq. p. 252 sqq.;

Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 467 sq.—Passages with Circus Maximus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Müll.; id. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Vitr. 3, 3, 5; Liv. 1, 35, 8 sqq.; Ov. F. 2, 392; Plin. 30, 15, 24, § 102; Suet. Ner. 25; 27; Gell. 5, 14, 5 al.—

Circus Magnus,

Ov. F. 6, 477; Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71.—Most freq. only Circus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Mur. 34, 72 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 43, 110; Liv. 1, 36, 2; 42, 10, 5; Tac. H. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 6, 45; Suet. Caes. 39; id. Aug. 43; 74; id. Calig. 18 et saep.—In or around the Circus many jugglers and soothsayers, etc., stationed themselves;

hence, Circus fallax,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 113; Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Suet. Aug. 74:

Circus clamosus,

Mart. 10, 53, 1; cf. Juv. 3, 65. —Besides the Circus Maximus, there were at Rome still other Circi, among which the most celebrated was the Circus Flaminius in the ninth region, Varr. L. L. 5, § 154; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Planc. 23, 55; id. Sest. 14, 33; Liv. 27, 21, 1; 28, 11, 4; Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13;

called only Circus,

Ov. F. 6, 205; 6, 209; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 598;

and the Circus Vaticanus, begun by Caligula and finished by Nero,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201:

in Vaticani Gai et Neronis principuus circo,

id. 36, 11, 15, § 74.—Also, without the walls of Rome, Circus maritimus, Liv. 9, 42, 11.—

Hence, Circensis, e, adj., pertaining to the Circus: ludi, the contesls in the Circus Maximus, also called ludi magni (Liv. 4, 27, 2; 5, 19, 6; 22, 9, 10 al.; cf. Baumg.Crus. [p. 344] ad Suet. Aug. 23), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33; Suet. Ner. 7; 11:

ludicrum, the same,

Liv. 44, 9, 3.—Hence, Circensis pompa, Suet. Claud. 11.—Also absol.: Circenses, ium, m. (sc. ludi; cf.

Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 458): edere,

Suet. Caes. 39; id. Calig. 18:

committere,

id. Claud. 21:

spectare,

id. Aug. 45:

Circensium die,

id. Dom. 4:

plebeii, prepared by the ediles annually in November,

id. Tib. 26.—

Transf., any race-course, Verg. A. 5, 109; 5, 289; 5, 551; Sil. 16, 313; 16, 323; Stat. Th. 6, 247.—

Meton., the spectators in the circus, Sil. 16, 535.

Pallăs, ădis and ădos, f., = Pallas.

Surname of the Greek goddess Athene, and hence of the corresponding Minerva of the Romans, the goddess of war and wisdom; the inventress of working in wool, and of the cultivation of the olive, on which account the olive-tree was sacred to her:

Pallas Minerva est dicta, quod Pallantem Gigantem interfecerit, vel, sicut putabant, quod in Pallante palude nata est,

Fest. p. 220 Müll.:

Pallas... Proeliis audax,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 20; Ov. M. 5, 263:

Palladis ales,

the owl, Ov. F. 2, 89:

Pallados arbor,

the olive-tree, id. A. A. 2, 518; cf.:

rami Palladis,

Verg. A. 7, 154:

iratā Pallade, i. q. invitā Minervā,

Ov. F. 3, 826.—

Transf.

Oil:

infusā Pallade,

Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 4:

pinguis,

id. H. 19, 44.—

The olive-tree:

dat quoque baciferam Pallada rarus ager,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 8.—

The Palladium:

Helenum raptā cum Pallade captum,

Ov. M. 13, 99:

Pallade conspectā,

id. Tr. 2, 293.—

The number seven, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6; Mart. Cap. 7, § 738.—

For Vesta, because the Palladium stood in the temple of Vesta: Pallados ignes, Prop 4 (5), 4, 45.—

Deriv.

Pallădĭus, a, um, adj., = Palladios, of or belonging to Pallas, Palladian:

numen Palladium,

i. e. Pallas, Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 12:

aegis,

of Pallas, Luc. 7, 570:

Palladiā gaudent silvā vivacis olivae,

Verg. G. 2, 181;

latices,

oil, Ov. M. 8, 275:

corona,

an olive-wreath, id. A. A. 1, 727:

arx,

Troy, Prop. 3, 7 (4, 8), 42:

arces,

Athens, Ov. M. 7, 399:

honores,

shown to Pallas, id. H. 17, 133: pinus, the Argo, because built under Minerva's direction, Val. Fl. 1, 475:

metus,

inspired by Pallas, id. 6, 408: forum, the Roman forum, because there stood a temple of Minerva, Mart. 1, 3, 8:

Palladia Alba, because Domitian caused the Quinquatria in honor of Pallas to be annually celebrated there,

id. 5, 1, 1; cf. Suet. Dom. 4:

Palladia Tolosa, because the sciences flourished there,

Mart. 9, 100, 3:

manus,

i. e. skilful, Stat. S. 1, 1, 5:

ars,

Mart. 6, 13, 2:

lotos,

the flute, id. 8, 51, 14.—

Subst.: Pallădĭum, ii, n., the image or statue of Pallas, which, in the reign of Ilus, fell from heaven at Troy, and during the Trojan war was carried off by Ulysses and Diomed, because the fate of the city depended on the possession of this image. It afterwards came from Greece to Rome, where Metellus saved it from the temple of Vesta when the latter was burned down, Verg. A. 2, 166; Sil. 9, 531; Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 29; Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 227; Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24; id. Scaur. 2, 48; Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 141; cf. Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 1 sq.; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31.

Pallas, antis (voc. Pallā, Verg. A. 10, 411 al.; also Pallas and Pallan, acc. to Prisc. p. 702), m., = Pallas, the name of several mythic and historical personages.

Son of Pandion, the father of the fifth Minerva, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 59; Ov. M. 7, 500.—

A king of Arcadia, the great-grandfather of Evander, Verg. A. 8, 54 Serv.—

Son of Evander, Verg. A. 8, 104.—

One of the giants, Claud. Gigant. 94; Fest. s. v Pallas, p. 220.—

A freedman of the emperor Claudius, proverbial for his wealth; slain by Nero, Plin. Ep. 7, 29; 8, 6; Tac. A. 12, 53; Juv. 1, 109; Plin. 33, 10, 47, § 134.—

Derivv.

Pallantēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pallas (the ancestor of Evander), Pallantian: moenia Pallantea, i. e. of the city of Pallanteum, in Italy (v. in the foll.), Verg. A. 9, 196 and 241:

apex,

of the Palatine, Claud. VI. Cons. Honor. 644. —

Subst.: Pallantēum, i, n.

A city in Arcadia, the residence of Pallas, Liv. 1, 5 init.; Just. 43, 1.—

The city founded by Evander in Italy, on the site where Rome afterwards stood, Verg. A. 8, 54; 341.—

Pallantĭăs, ădis, f., Aurora, so called because descended from Hyperion, the uncle of the giant Pallas, Ov. F. 4, 373; id. M. 9, 420.—

Pallantis, ĭdos and ĭdis, f., Aurora (v. Pallantias, supra), Ov. M 15, 700.— Transf., the day, Ov. F. 6, 567.—

Pallantĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pallas, Pallantian:

Pallantius heros,

i. e. Evander, Ov. F. 5, 647.

aedēs and aedis (the form aedes is found in Liv. 2, 21, 7; 2, 8, 14; 2, 9, 43 al., and now and then in other writers, but aedis is more common, as in Cic. Verr. 4, 55, § 121; id. Par. 4, 2, 31; Vitr. 4, 7, 1; Varr. 5, 32, 156 al.; Liv. 1, 33, 9 al.; Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 50), is, f., a building for habitation. [Aedis domicilium in edito positum simplex atque unius aditus. Sive ideo aedis dicitur, quod in ea aevum degatur, quod Graece aiôn vocatur, Fest. p. 13 Müll. Curtius refers this word to aithô, aestus, as meaning originally, fire-place, hearth; others, with probability, compare hedos, hedra, and sēdes.]

Sing., a dwelling of the gods, a sanctuary, a temple (prop., a simple edifice, without division into smaller apartments, while templum is a large and splendid structure, consecrated by the augurs, and belonging to one or more deities; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 4, 7; but after the Aug. period aedes was used for templum; cf. Suet. Caes. 78 with id. ib. 84): haec aedis, Varr. ap. Non. 494, 7:

senatum in aedem Jovis Statoris vocavi,

Cic. Cat. 2, 6: aedis Martis, Nep. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.:

aedes Mercurii dedicata est,

Liv. 2, 21:

hic aedem ex marmore molitus est,

Vell. 1, 11, 5:

inter altare et aedem,

Vulg. Luc. 11, 51:

aedem Concordiae,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 19:

aedes Veneris genitricis,

Suet. Caes. 78; v. above; id. ib. 10:

aedem Baal,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 10, 27; ib. Act. 19, 24 al.: haec ego ludo, quae nec in aede sonent, i. e. in the temple of the Muses, or of the Palatine Apollo, where poems were publicly recited, Hor. S. 1, 10, 38; cf.:

quanto molimine circumspectemus vacuam Romanis vatibus aedem,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 94.— Plur. in this sense generally in connection with sacrae, divinae, deorum, and only when several temples are spoken of:

aedes sacrae,

Cic. Dom. 49; cf. Suet. Aug. 30, 100:

Capitolii fastigium et ceterarum aedium,

Cic. de Or. 3, 46; cf. Liv. 38, 41:

Deorum aedes,

Suet. Cat. 21; cf. id. Ner. 38; id. Claud. 21 al.—

A dwelling for men, a house, habitation, [p. 52] obode (syn. domus; usu. only in the plur., as a collection of several apartments; but in the earliest period the sing. also may have had this signif., though but few certain examples of it have been preserved in the written language; cf. Plaut. As. 1, 3, 67:

hic noster quaestus aucupii simillimust... aedis nobis areast, auceps sum ego): aedes probae et pulchre aedificatae,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 60; id. Most. 1, 2, 18:

ultimae,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:

apud istum in aedibus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 50, and soon after: in mediis aedibus; cf. Verg. A. 2, 512:

liberae,

a house that is rent-free, Liv. 30, 17:

privatae,

Suet. Ner. 44 al. —Hence sometimes used for a part of the domus, a room, an apartment, chamber:

insectatur omnes domi per aedīs,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 31; Verg. G. 2, 462; cf. id. A. 2, 487 (v. also Gell. 4, 14; Curt. 8, 6; Hor. C. 1, 30, 4).—In Plaut., by comic license, aedes for familia: credo hercle has sustollat aedīs totas atque hunc in crucem, Mil. 2, 3, 39: ut ego suffringam his talos totis aedibus, to break the legs of this whole house (i. e. family), Truc. 2, 8, 7: ab aedibus, denoting office (cf. ab), a castellan:

CVM AB AEDIBVS ESSEM,

Inscr. Grut. 697, 1.—

Met., the cells (or hive) of bees:

clausis cunctantur in aedibus,

Verg. G. 4, 258.—

Trop.:

fac, sis, vacivas aedīs aurium, mea ut migrare dicta possint,

the chambers of your ears, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 54.—

Aedes aurata, a gilded funeral structure, on which the dead body of Cœsar was laid, a catafalque, Suet. Caes. 84.